Ko iyo yekunyudza coefficient yefirimu capacitors inoreva chii?Idiki idiki, iri nani?

Tisati tasuma kunyudza coefficient yefirimu capacitors, ngatitarisei kuti chii chinonzi dielectric, iyo polarization ye dielectric uye iyo inotorwa chiitiko che capacitor.

Dielectric

Dielectric chinhu chisiri-conductive, kureva, insulator, isina charge yemukati inokwanisa kufamba. Kana dielectric ikaiswa munzvimbo ye electrostatic, maerekitironi nemanuclei emaatomu edielectric anoita "microscopic hama displacement" mukati meatomic range. pasi pechiito chesimba remagetsi, asi kwete "macroscopic kufamba" kure neatomu kwavanenge vari, semaerekitironi emahara ari mukondakita.Kana iyo electrostatic equilibrium yasvikwa, simba remunda mukati me dielectric haisi zero.Uyu ndiwo musiyano mukuru pakati pemagetsi emagetsi e dielectrics uye conductors.

Dielectric polarization

Pasi pechiito chemunda wemagetsi akaiswa, macroscopic dipole nguva inoonekwa mukati meiyo dielectric padivi pemagetsi emunda kutungamira, uye yakasungwa charge inoonekwa pane dielectric surface, inova polarization ye dielectric.

The absorption phenomenon

iyo nguva lag phenomenon mukuchaja uye kuburitsa nzira ye capacitor inokonzerwa nekunonoka polarization ye dielectric pasi pechiito chekushandiswa kwemagetsi.Kunzwisisa kwakajairika ndekwekuti capacitor inodiwa kuti izere zvakakwana pakarepo, asi haina kuzadzwa pakarepo;iyo capacitor inodiwa kuti isunungure mutero zvachose, asi haina kuburitswa, uye iyo nguva lag phenomenon inoitika.

Kutora coefficient yefirimu capacitor

Kukosha kunoshandiswa kurondedzera dielectric absorption phenomenon yefirimu capacitors inonzi absorption coefficient, uye inorehwa naKa.Iyo dielectric absorption athari yefirimu capacitors inosarudza yakaderera frequency maitiro emacapacitors, uye iyo Ka value inosiyana zvakanyanya kune akasiyana dielectric capacitors.Mhedzisiro yekuyera inosiyana kune dzakasiyana bvunzo dzenguva imwechete capacitor;iyo Ka value zvakare inosiyana kune capacitors eiyo yakatarwa, vagadziri vakasiyana, uye mabhechi akasiyana.

Saka pane mibvunzo miviri ikozvino-

Q1.Iko kunyura coefficient yefirimu capacitors idiki sezvinobvira?

Q2.Ndeipi mhedzisiro yakashata yeabsorption coefficient yakakura?

A1:

Pasi pechiito chesimba remagetsi rinoshandiswa: iyo Ka (iyo diki yekunyudza coefficient) → iyo isina kusimba polarization ye dielectric (kureva insulator) → yakadzika iyo inosunga simba pane dielectric surface → idiki simba rinosunga re dielectric pa charger traction. → iyo isina simba yekunyura kwecapacitor → iyo capacitor inochaja uye inobuda nekukurumidza.Ideal state: Ka is 0, kureva kunyudza coefficient i0, iyo dielectric (kureva insulator) haina polarization phenomenon pasi pekuita kwenzvimbo yemagetsi yakaiswa, iyo dielectric surface haina traction inosunga simba pachaji, uye capacitor charge uye discharge mhinduro. haina hysteresis.Naizvozvo, iyo yekutora coefficient yefirimu capacitor ndiyo diki iri nani.

A2:

Mhedzisiro yecapacitor ine yakakura kwazvo kukosha kweKa pamaseketi akasiyana inozviratidza mumhando dzakasiyana, sezvinotevera.

1) Maseketi akasiyana anove akabatanidzwa maseketi

2) Sawtooth seketi inoburitsa yakawedzera kudzoka kweiyo sawtooth wave, uye nekudaro dunhu harigone kupora nekukurumidza.

3) Limiters, zvisungo, yakamanikana pulse inobuda waveform kukanganisa

4) Iyo nguva yenguva ye-ultra-low frequency smoothing filter inova yakakura

(5) DC amplifier zero point inovhiringwa, imwe-nzira yekukukurwa

6）Kurongeka kwesampling uye kubata dunhu kunodzikira

7) Drift yeDC inoshanda nzvimbo yemutsara amplifier

8) Kuwedzera ripple mumagetsi emagetsi

Zvese zviri pamusoro pekuita kwe dielectric absorption athari hazviparadzaniswe kubva kune essence ye "inertia" ye capacitor, ndiko kuti, munguva yakatarwa yekuchaja haina kubhadhariswa kune iyo inotarisirwa kukosha, uye vice versa discharge ndiyowo nyaya.

Kudzivirira kwekudzivirira (kana kuvuza ikozvino) ye capacitor ine yakakura Ka value yakasiyana neiyo yakanaka capacitor (Ka = 0) mukuti inowedzera nenguva yakareba yekuedza (kudonha ikozvino kunoderera).Ikozvino nguva yekuyedza yakatsanangurwa kuChina iminiti imwe.