Mudunhu reDC, capacitor yakaenzana nedunhu rakavhurika. Capacitor rudzi rwechinhu chinogona kuchengetedza chaji yemagetsi, uye ndeimwe yeanonyanya kushandiswazvikamu zvemagetsiIzvi zvinotanga nechimiro che capacitor. Ma capacitor akareruka ane ma polar plates kumativi ese uye insulating dielectric (kusanganisira mhepo) iri pakati. Kana apihwa simba, ma plates anochajwa, zvichigadzira voltage (musiyano unogona kuitika), asi nekuda kwezvinhu zvinodzivirira zviri pakati, capacitor yese haina conductive. Zvisinei, nyaya iyi iri pasi pemamiriro ekutanga ekuti voltage yakakosha (breakdown voltage) ye capacitor isapfuure. Sezvatinoziva, chero chinhu chinodzivirirwa zvishoma. Kana voltage iri pamusoro pechinhu ikawedzera kusvika pamwero wakati, zvinhu zvese zvinogona kufambisa magetsi, anonzi breakdown voltage. Ma capacitor haasi akasiyana. Mushure mekunge ma capacitor aputswa, haasi insulators. Zvisinei, muchikamu chepakati chechikoro, ma voltage akadaro haaonekwe mu circuit, saka ese anoshanda pasi pe breakdown voltage uye anogona kuonekwa se insulators. Zvisinei, muma AC circuits, kutungamira kwekuchinja kwemagetsi sekushanda kwenguva. Maitiro ekuchaja nekuburitsa ma capacitor ane nguva. Panguva ino, simba remagetsi rinoshanduka rinoumbwa pakati pema electrodes, uye simba remagetsi iri rinoshandukawo nekufamba kwenguva. Kutaura zvazviri, simba remagetsi rinopfuura pakati pema capacitor muchimiro chesimba remagetsi.

Basa re capacitor：

●Kubatanidza:Capacitor inoshandiswa mu coupling circuit inonzi coupling capacitor, iyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mu resistance-capacitance coupling amplifier nedzimwe capacitive coupling circuits, uye inoita basa rekuparadzanisa DC nekupfuura AC.

●Kusefa:Ma capacitor anoshandiswa muma filter circuits anonzi ma filter capacitors, ayo anoshandiswa muma power filter nema filter circuits akasiyana-siyana. Ma filter capacitors anobvisa ma signals mukati me frequency band yakati kubva pa total signal.

●Kubvisa zvidimbu zvemachira:Ma capacitor anoshandiswa mu connector circuits anonzi connector capacitors, ayo anoshandiswa muDC voltage supply circuits dze multistage amplifiers. Ma deconnector capacitors anobvisa connections dzine njodzi dzinokanganisa low-frequency cross-connections pakati pe stage amplifier yega yega.

●Kubviswa kwekudengenyeka kwakanyanya:Capacitor inoshandiswa mu high frequency vibration elimination circuit inonzi high frequency vibration elimination capacitor. Mu audio negative feedback amplifier, kuitira kubvisa high frequency self-excitation inogona kuitika, iyi capacitor circuit inoshandiswa kubvisa high frequency howling inogona kuitika mu amplifier.

●Kurira:Ma capacitor anoshandiswa muLC resonant circuits anonzi resonant capacitors, ayo anodiwa muLC parallel uye series resonant circuits.

●Dzoka:Capacitor inoshandiswa mudunhu re bypass inonzi bypass capacitor. Kana chiratidzo chiri mubhendi re frequency chichifanira kubviswa kubva muchiratidzo chiri mudunhu, dunhu re bypass capacitor rinogona kushandiswa. Zvichienderana ne frequency yechiratidzo chakabviswa, kune full frequency domain (masaini ese e AC) bypass capacitor circuit uye high frequency bypass capacitor circuit.

●Kusapindirana kwezvakatipoteredza:Ma capacitor anoshandiswa muma neutralization circuits anonzi neutralization capacitors. Mu radio high frequency uye intermediate frequency amplifiers uye terevhizheni high frequency amplifiers, iyi neutralization capacitor circuit inoshandiswa kubvisa kuzvikurudzira.

●Nguva:Ma capacitor anoshandiswa muma timing circuits anonzi timing capacitors. Timing capacitor circuit inoshandiswa mu circuit inoda kudzora nguva nekuchaja nekuburitsa ma capacitors, uye ma capacitor anoita basa rekudzora time constant.

●Kubatanidzwa:Ma capacitor anoshandiswa muma integration circuits anonzi integration capacitors. Mu synchronous separation circuit ye ​​electric potential field scanning, field synchronous signal inogona kubviswa kubva mu field compound synchronous signal uchishandisa iyi integral capacitor circuit.

●Musiyano:Ma capacitor anoshandiswa muma differential circuits anonzi differential capacitors. Kuti uwane spike trigger signal mu flip-flop circuit, differential capacitor circuit inoshandiswa kuwana spike pulse trigger signal kubva kumasignals akasiyana-siyana (kunyanya rectangular pulse).

●Muripo:Capacitor inoshandiswa muchikamu chekugadzirisa inonzi compensation capacitor. Muchikamu chekugadzirisa bass chemubati wekadhi, dunhu iri re capacitor rekugadzirisa low-frequency rinoshandiswa kuvandudza chiratidzo che low-frequency muchiratidzo chekutamba. Pamusoro pezvo, kune dunhu re capacitor rekugadzirisa frequency rakakwirira.

●Chigadziko chebootstrap:Capacitor inoshandiswa mu bootstrap circuit inonzi bootstrap capacitor, iyo inowanzoshandiswa mu output stage circuit yeOTL power amplifier kuwedzera positive half-cycle amplitude yesignal ne positive feedback.

●Kupatsanurwa kwehuwandu:Capacitor iri mudunhu rekupatsanura mafrequency inonzi capacitor yekupatsanura mafrequency. Mudunhu rekupatsanura mafrequency ezwi rebhokisi reruzha, dunhu rekupatsanura mafrequency capacitor rinoshandiswa kuita kuti loudspeaker yepamusoro ishande mubhendi remafrequency akakwira, loudspeaker yepakati nepakati ishande mubhendi remafrequency apakati nepakati uye loudspeaker yepasi nepasi ishande mubhendi remafrequency akaderera.

●Kukwanisa kurema:zvinoreva capacitance yekunze inoshanda iyo inosarudza frequency ye resonant yemutoro pamwe chete ne quartz crystal resonator. Zvakajairika zve load capacitors ndezve 16pF, 20pF, 30pF, 50pF, uye 100pF. Load capacitance inogona kugadziriswa zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo, uye frequency yekushanda ye resonator inogona kugadziriswa kune nominal value nekuigadzirisa.

Parizvino, indasitiri yemacapacitor efirimu iri kupinda munguva yekukura kwakasimba kubva ku
nguva yekukura nekukurumidza, uye simba idzva nerekare remagetsi eindasitiri iri mu
danho rekuchinja.