Capacitor chikamu chinochengetedza magetsi emagetsi.Iyo simba rekuchengetedza musimboti we general capacitor uye ultra capacitor (EDLC) yakafanana, ese ari maviri echitoro mubhadharo muchimiro che electrostatic field, asi super capacitor inonyanya kukodzera kukurumidza kuburitswa uye kuchengetedza kwesimba, kunyanya kune chaiyo kutonga kwesimba uye ipapo ipapo mitoro michina. .
Ngatikurukurei misiyano mikuru pakati peyakajairwa capacitors uye super capacitors pazasi.
| Kuenzanisa Zvinhu | Conventional Capacitor | Supercapacitor |
| Overview | Conventional capacitor ndeye static charge yekuchengetera dielectric, iyo inogona kunge iine charge yekusingaperi uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya.Icho chinhu chakakosha chemagetsi chikamu mumunda wemagetsi emagetsi. | Supercapacitor, inozivikanwawo se electrochemical capacitor, double layer capacitor, gold capacitor, Faraday capacitor, chinhu che electrochemical chakagadzirwa kubva ku1970s uye 1980s kuchengetedza simba nekuisa polarizing iyo electrolyte. |
| Kuvaka | A commonal capacitor ine maviri simbi conductor (electrodes) ari padhuze pamwechete akafanana asi asingabatanidzike, aine insulating dielectric pakati. | A supercapacitor inosanganisira electrode, electrolyte (ine electrolyte munyu), uye separator (kudzivirira kusangana pakati pezvakanaka nezvakaipa). Maelectrodes akaputirwa neakabatidzwa kabhoni, ane tuma pores pamusoro payo kuwedzera nzvimbo yemagetsi uye kuchengetedza mamwe magetsi. |
| Dielectric zvinhu | Aluminium oxide, mafirimu epolymer kana makeramics anoshandiswa se dielectrics pakati pemagetsi muma capacitor. | A supercapacitor haina dielectric.Pane kudaro, inoshandisa magetsi akapetwa kaviri akaumbwa nechakasimba (electrode) uye mvura (electrolyte) panzvimbo yedielectric. |
| Nheyo yekushanda | Nheyo yekushanda ye capacitor ndeyokuti mutero uchafambiswa nechisimba mumunda wemagetsi, kana pane dielectric pakati pemakondukita, inodzivisa kufamba kwechaji uye inoita kuti mutero uunganidze pane conductor, zvichiita kuti kuunganidzwa kwekuchengetedza kwechaji. . | Supercapacitors, kune rumwe rutivi, inowana kaviri-layer charge chekuchengetedza nekuisa iyo electrolyte pamwe neredox pseudo-capacitive machaji. Iyo simba rekuchengetedza maitiro e supercapacitors inodzoserwa pasina kuita kwemakemikari, uye nekudaro inogona kudzokororwa kuchaja uye kuburitswa mazana ezviuru zvenguva. |
| Capacitance | Kukwanisa kudiki. Iyo general capacitance kugona inotangira kubva mashoma pF kusvika akati wandei zviuru μF. | Kukwanisa kukuru. Kugona kwe supercapacitor yakakura zvekuti inogona kushandiswa sebhatiri.Kugona kwe supercapacitor kunobva pane chinhambwe chiri pakati pemaelectrodes uye nzvimbo yepamusoro yemagetsi.Naizvozvo, ma electrode akaputirwa neakabatidzwa kabhoni kuti awedzere nzvimbo yepasi kuti iwane yakakwirira. |
| Kuwanda kwesimba | Low | High |
| Simba chairo | <0.1 Wh/kg | 1-10 Wh/kg |
| Simba chairo | 100,000+ Wh/kg | 10,000+ Wh/kg |
| Nguva yekuchaja / yekuburitsa | Iyo yekuchaja uye yekuburitsa nguva yeakajairwa capacitor anowanzo 103-106 masekondi. | Ultracapacitors inogona kuunza kuchaja nekukurumidza kupfuura mabhatiri, nekukurumidza se10 masekonzi, uye chengetedza yakawanda kuchaja pavhoriyamu yeyuniti pane yakajairwa capacitors.Ichi ndicho chikonzero ichifungidzirwa pakati pemabhatiri uye electrolytic capacitors. |
| Charge / discharge cycle hupenyu | Mupfupi | Yakareba (kazhinji 100,000 +, kusvika miriyoni imwe kutenderera, anopfuura makore gumi ekushandisa) |
| Kuchaja/kuburitsa kushanda zvakanaka | >95% | 85% -98% |
| Kushanda tembiricha | -20 kusvika 70 ℃ | -40 kusvika 70 ℃ (Zvirinani ultra-yakaderera tembiricha maitiro uye yakafara tembiricha renji) |
| Rated voltage | Higher | Lower (kazhinji 2.5V) |
| Mutengo | Lower | Higher |
| Advantage | Kurasikirwa kushoma High kubatanidzwa density Active uye reactive simba kudzora | Hupenyu hurefu Ultra yakakwirira simba Kuchaja nekukurumidza uye nguva yekuburitsa High load current Yakakura yekushanda tembiricha siyana |
| Application | ▶ Kubuda kwemagetsi kwakatsetseka; ▶ Power Factor Correction (PFC); ▶ Frequency mafirita, kupfuura yakakwira, yakaderera pass mafirita; ▶Kubatanidza uye kubatanidza; ▶Motor kutanga; ▶ Buffers (vadziviriri vekuvhiya uye mafirita eruzha); ▶Oscillators. | ▶Mota dzemagetsi matsva, njanji uye zvimwe zvekufambisa zvekufambisa; ▶Uninterruptible power supply (UPS), kutsiva electrolytic capacitor banks; ▶Simba rekupa nharembozha, malaptop, midziyo inobatwa nemaoko, nezvimwe; ▶ Rechargeable electric screwdrivers anogona kubhadhariswa zvizere mumaminitsi; ▶Emergency lighting systems uye high-power magetsi pulse devices; ▶ ICs, RAM, CMOS, wachi uye microcomputer, nezvimwe. |
Kana iwe uine chimwe chinhu chekuwedzera kana zvimwewo maonero, ndapota sununguka kukurukura nesu.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-22-2021